Answer:
B. The US would be able to protect world peace.
Explanation:
The correct answer is D, chronological thinking. This is simply thinking based on the order of events that occur in time.
Historiography is the broader study of writing history, and the other answers are not as relevant to the timeline, in this scenario.
Periodization often helps historians study the past in that it compartmentalized the past into more easily "manageable" segments, which can help the historian better understand cause and effect relationships.
The X,Y,Z affair was an incident between French and American diplomats where they were trying to make a deal that would stop the French from seizing the America ships.
(that resulted in a war known as the Quasi-War.)
Americans were angered by this because the French agents wanted large amounts of money just to stop them from seizing their ships