The last one , sorry if i’m wrong
Explanation:
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Response to the first question (I don't quite know how to explain the second): (Here's my simple version, just based off of common sense and background knowledge rather than a textbook. Hope it works!)
Gender is determined by the X and Y chromosomes. Females are XX, males are XY. Since there is already a ratio of 3:1 X:Y chromosomes, meaning that there are many more X chromosomes than Y chromosomes, it is more likely for the child to be female, because they are more likely to get two X chromosomes.
B. the intensity o stimulus and the observer's criteria.
