More protons in the inter membrane space of the mitochondrial than in the mitochondrial matrix is what contributes to the creation of the proton gradient.
Because there is only a finite amount of energy. Energy is lost between each trophic stage. The top predator would gain the least amount of energy, shared between the least amount of organisms within the predator species. Typically there just aren't any other animals that can kill and eat the top predator, but there also wouldn't be enough of the top predator to eat so any species above them would quickly die out.
The nasty effects that toxin has on motor pathways are the following:
- Arrhythmias and other symptoms that includes heart failure because toxin likely makes the muscle fibers to be numb.
- Toxins are likely to interfere with the body’s electrical signal that is responsible for transmitting an action potential.
Animals that
sexually reproduce are diploid and produce haploid gametes. Diploid is having two sets of chromosomes or double the haploid number of
chromosomes in the germ cell, with one member of each chromosome pair derived
from the ovum and one from the spermatazoon. While haploid is Having the same
number of sets of chromosomes as a germ cell, or half the diploid number of a
somatic cell. The haploid number (23 in humans) is the normal chromosome complement of germ
cells.
