Thomas Hobbes was an English philosopher of the 15th century. He was a theoretician of political absolutism, by which it is considered that the Head of State should not be subject to any institutional limitation outside the Divine Law.
According to Absolutism theory, the exercise of power (legislation, administration and jurisdiction) relies on a monarch, who is considered to be the representative of God on Earth. This implies the identification of the person of the absolute king with the State itself.
Considering this, we can conclude that the correct answer is B: A country is controlled by a king who has the absolute authority to make decisions.
A claim is making of a statement without using adequate evidence to back it up or make it up.
The given sentence is an example of a claim because it says the Nile was a source of water to the Egyptians and also made the soil very fertile without giving evidence of how the soil became more fertile.
Why Mono Lake? By mid-summer abundant alkali flies and brine shrimp provide an endless food supply for migrating birds (click here for a bird list). Stream delta, and near-shore wetland habitat also provide good bird habitat.
The system changed from large systems of African monarchy governments and tribal centred government control to European colonial systems. Most native powers scaled down to as a result and gradually levelled most natives to equality under the rule of colonial power.