Question

Which of the following statements is true? Acquired mutations are passed down from parent to offspring. Mutations are the most fundamental way to add new genes to a gene pool. Hereditary mutations are caused by external factors, such as radiation. Only somatic mutations are important to evolution because they can be inherited.

Answer 1

Answer: Mutations are the most fundamental way to add new genes to a gene pool.

Explanation:

A mutation is either permanent or temporary changes that may occur in the DNA sequence of the organism that makes up a gene which is the functional unit in the organism. These mutations will add genetic variations in the gene pool of the population. Those mutations which are hereditary which means they can be transmitted from parents to offsprings are called as germline mutations.  

Acquired (somatic) mutations are those mutations which occur's during a persons life. These mutations occur due to ultraviolet radiations. These mutations occur in the somatic cells not in the germ cells therefore, these cannot be passed from one generation to the next.

Answer 2

Acquired mutations are passed down the line.