16 thru 23 look wrong and 16 is absolutely wrong. You use this:https://www.mathpapa.com/algebra-calculator.html to work out the answers and it shows the steps and explains it to you better than I could. Good luck
Answer:
a) t₀ = 1.73205 s
b) 1.0 C
Step-by-step explanation:
(A)
The time dilation (t) observed by an observer at rest relative to the time (t₀) measured by observer in motion is;

time measured by captain
⇒
V = 0.5 c
⇒ t₀ = 1.73205 s
(B)
Speed of the light never exceeds by its real value. The speed of the light in any frame of reference is constant.
∵ It will be "1.0C" or just "C"
Answer: 1/6
Step-by-step explanation: