Answer:
I believe the author uses C. appeal to logic.
Explanation:
The author is not appealing to readers' emotions, since he is not trying to make readers angry or sad - or anything - about the subject. An appeal to emotions, or pathos, is a rhetorical device employed to convince readers of the speaker's opinion by provoking feelings regarding the subject. This author is simply presenting facts to support his way of thinking.
The author is also not using bandwagon, since he does not claim that the opinion he defends is the opinion of the majority. That is what bandwagon means - to state that your opinion is the right one because most people agree with you. The author says he agrees with the environmentalists who think the drilling will be bad; he does not say they are the majority.
The author does employ an appeal to logic (logos) by presenting facts to prove his point. He provides readers with the number of caribou that travel to the coastal plain and even how far it is that they travel, only to give birth where there are fewer predators. Drilling for oil in that region would disrupt their cycle and potentially kill them, or at least prevent them from procreating. Logically speaking, six months of drilling could hardly be worth the destruction of such animals. Thus, the correct choice is letter C. appeal to logic.
