The expected reference range when obtaining oxygen
saturation level is 95%-100%.
The four reasons as to why the reference range may be lower
is due to the following;
-
Pulmonary edema
-
Person with history of COPD
-
Asthma and Emphysema
-
Pneumonia
I would say 4. To create a hypothesis, you would need some knowledge about what you're studying. This is where prior knowledge could come in handy.
The new species come from old ancestors of the animals that were there, over time they slowly evolved, and they adapted to that new environment.
Smelt would have the quickest increase because the perch would no longer be eating them.
