Through the many wars and peace congresses of the 18th century, European diplomacy strove to maintain a balance between five great powers: Britain, France, Austria, Russia, and Prussia. At the century’s end, however, the French Revolution, France’s efforts to export it, and the attempts of Napoleon I to conquer Europe first unbalanced and then overthrew the continent’s state system. After Napoleon’s defeat, the Congress of Vienna was convened in 1814–15 to set new boundaries, re-create the balance of power, and guard against future French hegemony. It also dealt with international problems internationally, taking up issues such as rivers, the slave trade, and the rules of diplomacy. The Final Act of Vienna of 1815, as amended at the Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen) in 1818, established four classes of heads of diplomatic missions—precedence within each class being determined by the date of presentation of credentials—and a system for signing treaties in French alphabetical order by country name. Thus ended the battles over precedence. Unwritten rules also were established. At Vienna, for example, a distinction was made between great powers and “powers with limited interests.” Only great powers exchanged ambassadors. Until 1893 the United States had no ambassadors; like those of other lesser states, its envoys were only ministers.
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Explanation:
New Testament Survey provides a developmental and in-depth academic study of the teachings of the New Testament from the Intertestamental period (prior to the birth of Christ) to the book of Revelation. The survey emphasizes the most important people, places, and events in the development and expansion of the Church. The course also includes material on Christian suffering, witnessing, and the will of God. New Testament Survey targets four major strands: theology, biblical literature, biblical background, and Christian growth.Upon completion of the course, students should be able to do the following:•Understand the background of the New Testament.•Identify key people, places, and events in the New Testament. •Provide the setting and purpose for each New Testament book.•Understand the importance of the Church.•Identify the various apostles and their particular ministries.•Understand the biblical approach to suffering.•
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A. Thomas jeffersons plan
:) sorry if its wrong
The United States became an "isolationist" nation because of all the funds it loaned to its European allies during World War I, not to mention all of the US lives that were lost in the war as well. This is because the US felt it was wasting time, money, and American lives on a war that did not affect them.
