b. A person can refuse to testify against himself or herself.
Explanation:
The Fifth Amendment states, among other things, a series of rights that a defendant has in criminal procedures, one of them is their right to protect against self-discrimination, that is to say, their right to refuse to testify against himself or herself.
The other rights concerning criminal procedures that the Amendment protects are the right to a grand jury, to be protected from "double jeopardy" and to due process of law when a person is "deprived of life, liberty, or property."
The Fifth Amendment states that: No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
In turn, the Enlightenment ideals of liberty, equality, and justice helped to create the conditions for the American Revolution and the subsequent Constitution. ... The American Revolution and the domestic instability that followed prompted a call for a new type of government with a constitution to guarantee liberty.
