the scientific revolution lead to new machines and ways of doing things which would, in a way that is self-explanatory, lead to the industrial revolution.
The fall of Constantinople began with capture of the Byzantine empire's capitol by an invading Ottoman army. This downfall took place May 29, 1453, and is believed to mark the end of the Medieval period. The conquest of Constantinople also greatly impacted Christiandom, as the Muslim Ottoman armies were left unchecked.