Deforestation but mainly Desertification.
Explanation:
The behavior in a crowd which is dictated by the circumstances is called as the collective behavior, in which a person behaves according to the circumstances even if he or she is not willing to do that personally.
Yes i can remember a situation where i got stuck in a similar scenario. I was with my friends in the university after the classes in the executive hall, when a flash mob enters the hall and asked for raising the money for charity to help poor children with their studies. I personally didn't want to pay them a penny because i knew them well and i knew that they would not give a single penny in the charity for children studies. But i had to help them and give them money because of the circumstance over there, because they were yelling, forcing people, blackmailing people on the name of religion and helping poor, and because of this, i had to help them.
This was the time i was so dictated by the circumstances.
The answer is: A. Ivan Pavlov
Pavlov was the researcher who first popularized the classical conditioning (where a certain conditioned response is created by associating a certain situation with a conditioned stimulus)
Counterconditioning was developed in order to reverse or reduce the effete of classical conditioning (usually carried out by enforcing positive reinforcement to the subjects)
The answer to this would be first come first serve
Measure the lakes and see what happens next
