In 1851 by Sir George Airy
They both did a lot of damage for example they affected the economy & a lot of people died.
After the defeat of Japan in World War II, the United States led the Allies in the occupation and rehabilitation of the Japanese state. Between 1945 and 1952, the U.S. occupying forces, led by General Douglas A. MacArthur enacted widespread military, political, economic, and social reforms
