Can you please include a photo of the passage?
Extrinsic motivation is driven by external factors , which will make people do things to gain external benefits. Thus, the scenario that exemplifies extrinsic motivation is the fact that Lacey ran into a heated shop to warm up, when the temperature suddenly dropped. What made Lacey react in that way so that he could take shelter from the weather ? An external factor: extremely cold temperature. The other examples stand for intrinsic motivation since the drive that activates a certain behaviour in those people comes from within their own selves: not feeling like answering the door; feeling guilty and confessing ; and loving animals and volunteering for rescuing them.
Personification. The author is treating the river like a person. When an object/animal/thing is talked about like a human being, then it is personification
