<span>B) Citizens in the United States went to jail for violating segregation laws.
Gandhi advocated for a new non-confrontational technique of protest where the citizenry would desist from acts of violence. whenever violence broke out, Gandhi would control it by refusing to eat. By disobeying the segregation laws, the citizens basically refused to disobey the civil racial laws and were sent to jail without any bloodbath from the police. It denies those in power justifications for atrocities.
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Protecting citizens against foreign and domestic terror and threats
3) The Articles of Confederation was replaced by the CONSTITUTION.
Humanism is about how in this life they can make the most of their time with themselves and for others. For those who believe in humanism their thought process is human concerns first before anything else such as tradition. How humanism connects to ideas of people changing how they celebrate their faith is that both want to see humanity flourish. Moreover both want humans to reach their full potential even if it means leaving beliefs that prevent it in particular tradition.
Hope this helps :)
We'll if you mean Marco Polo, then probably Italy as he was Italian.