This statement is indeed valid in the sense that this time-period saw the rise of a "counter culture" which fought for the rights of African Americans and women. Although Latinos and Asians were also included, they were somewhat sidelined.
The British thought the colonists should help pay for the cost of their own protection. Furthermore, the French and Indian War had cost the British treasury £70,000,000 and doubled their national debt to £140,000,000. Compared to this staggering sum, the colonists' debts were extremely light, as was their tax burden.
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Everyone, including his enemies, respected Pedro II himself: they hated the Empire, however, and wanted change. After the abolition of slavery, the nation became even more polarized. The military became involved, and in November of 1889, they stepped in and removed Pedro from power.
Answer i oligarchy
def of oligarchy:a small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.
<span>Cabinet level executive agencies usually have one person that has been appointed by the president and confirmed by the senate. independent agencies almost always have a board or commission of five or so members heading them and sharing the responsibility of power.</span>