Answers:
a) carcinogenic
b) anti-carcinogenic
c) carcinogenic
d) carcinogenic
e) carcinogenic
f) anti-carcinogenic
g) anti-carcinogenic
h) anti-carcinogenic
Explanation:
Cyclins are proteins that regulate the progression through the cell cycle, i.e., the transition of G1 to S phase. It is well known that high cyclin expression may lead to cell proliferation states, which is closely associated with cancer progression. Moreover, the blockage of cyclins may have an anti-carcinogenic effect by inhibiting the progression through the cell cycle. MAP kinases are serine/threonine kinases that regulate the progression through the cell cycle by phosphorylating a variety of substrates during cell proliferation. In consequence, phosphatases that inactivate MAPK kinases (i.e., by dephosphorylation) may have an anticarcinogenic effect. The p53 is a tumor suppressor protein involved in diverse cellular processes including DNA repair, cycle arrest and programmed cell death. This protein (p53) is activated by phosphorylation at target residues and phosphatases inactivate it, thereby the blockage of its degradation may have an anticarcinogenic effect. Oncogene activation (i.e., the expression of oncogenes), may alter diverse cellular processes including DNA replication, and thereby may lead to cancer development. The G-protein α subunit is a GTPase that hydrolyses GTP and thus has a major role in controlling the kinetics of the G-protein signaling cascade. Platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFR) are kinase receptors that play roles in regulating cellular differentiation, cell proliferation and cell growth. PDGFR receptors are present on the surface of normal cells, however, it has been shown that mutations of the PDGFR genes that lead to their high expression lead to uncontrolled cell growth and consequently cause cancer (i.e., by increasing PDGF signaling).
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Mutualistic relationships are relationships in which each party, the bees and flowers, benefits from the interaction in some way.
Would be A. Abiotic Forces.
The answer is D has mitochondria and chloroplasts. In the leaf, so must have chloroplast, most eukaryotic cells have mitochondria (powerhouse of the cell)
Answer:
The correct answer would be - 1/2 ft.
Explanation:
if the scale is 1:4,000
It shows that the model plane will fly 1ft above the ground., the original plane flyes 4,000ft above the ground,
Now, if the plane flies 2,000ft above the ground, this is half times as the scale given, then the model plane will also fly half times as the number from the scale.
1/2*1ft = 1/2ft.
Now, we also can do it as:
4000 ft equivalent to 1 ft.
2000ft equivalent to x
x = 1ft*(2000ft/4000ft) = 1ft*1/2 = 1/2ft.
