The movement that highly influenced the Constitution's framers was the 18th century philosophical and intellectual movement, Enlightenment. The movement presented several ideals such as the separation of church and state, liberty and constitutional government. From here, the framers of the Constitution took the idea that government was established only "by the consent of the governed". And thus, should be geared towards the best interests of its citizens.
Answer:
Patricians had more power than Plebeians as they could own land
Well, the moment the US intervened with the affairs of the World was the moment that the US could not go back to an isolationist policy. The US simply cannot afford to stop playing a role in world affairs, due to the fact that the US is a capitalist society and that the US has a lot of exports/imports. Unless the US can reach a level of capacity where it is self sufficient, which is currently impossible to do, the US must participate in the affairs of the World in order to survive.