Answer:
See image attached
Explanation:
a)
The full reaction mechanism of step 1 was obtained from Bartleby and attached to this answer. The steps involved in the reaction are:
1) Loss of Br- and formation of a carbocation
2) Attack of CH3CN on the carbocation
4) Formation of a quaternary nitrogen intermediate
5) Attack of water on the quaternary nitrogen intermediate
6) Loss of the water molecule
5) Formation of the amide product
b)
i) sodium hydroxide
ii) HCl
Explanation:
1)
Energy will be absorbed by the Cs(s) to get converted into Cs(g). In order to break the strong association of particles present in solid to convert it into gaseous state energy will be needed. So, energy will be absorbed by the Cs solid in this reaction.
2)
Energy will be absorbed by gas in order to break bond between two Cl atoms to form isolated(alone) single chlorine atom.So, the energy will be absorbed by the chlorine gas molecule in this reaction.
3)
Energy will be absorbed by the Cs(g) to get converted into cation. In order to remove an electron from the outer most shell of Cs atom energy will be required by Cs atom, So, energy will be absorbed in this reaction.
4)
Energy will get release in formation of anion from Cl atom in gaseous state. Chlorine atom need one electron to attain noble gas configuration. So, when an electron is added to the outer most shell of chlorine it attains stability of fully filled outermost shell by which it releases energy on addition of an electron.
5)
Energy will get release on formation of CsCl(s) from cation and
anion. since both are oppositely charged ion and due to strong electrostatic interaction will get converted into stable molecule of CsCl (s) with release in an energy.
Answer:
215.12 g
Explanation:
The change in the bolling temperature is a collateral property called ebullioscopy. The elevation on temperature occurs because there'll be a solute in the pure compound, and that solute(generally non-volatile) has a different boiling point, so the total bolling pint should increase.
To calculate the elevation in the temperature, we must use the Raoult equation:
ΔT = KbxWxi
Where <em>ΔT</em> is the variation of the temperature of boiling point, <em>Kb</em> is the
ebullioscopy constant, <em>W</em> is the molarity, and <em>i</em> the Vant' Hoff factor, which for molecules is also equal to 1, because they don't form ions. So:
82.00 - 78.40 = 1.22xW
W = 3.60/1.22
W = 2.9508
The molarity can also be calculated by:
Where <em>m1</em> is the mass of the solute (in grames), <em>M1</em> is the molar mass of the solute, and <em>m2</em> is the mass of the solvent (in kg).
The density of ethanol is 0.789 g/cm³, and 1 mL = 1 cm³, so 600.00 mL = 600.00 cm³ :
0.789 = m2/600
m2 = 473.4 g = 0.4734 kg
The molar mass of geraniol is:
C: 12 g/mol x 10 = 120 g/mol
H: 1 g/mol x 18 = 18 g/mol
O: 16 g/mol x 1 = 16 g/mol
M1 = 154 g/mol
Then:
m1 = 215.12 g of geraniol.
Answer:
The reaction is exothermic and ΔH is negative
Explanation:
An exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat. It is the opposite of an endothermic reaction in which energy is absorbed. It is expressed in a general thermochemical equation: reactants → products + energy.
We can know that a reaction is exothermic by observing the calorimeter to know if there is an increase in temperature. Remember that an exothermic reaction leads to evolution of heat. This is observed physically as a rise in temperature.
The calorimeter initially read 21.0 and finally read 38.8 at the end of the reaction. This implies that heat was given out in the process. The reaction is exothermic and ∆H is negative.
