The normal membrane potential inside the axon of nerve cells is –70mV, and since this potential can change in nerve cells it is called the resting potential. When a stimulus is applied a brief reversal of the membrane potential, lasting about a millisecond, occurs. This brief reversal is called the action potential
<span>A stimulus can cause the membrane potential to change a little. The voltage-gated ion channels can detect this change, and when the potential reaches –30mV the sodium channels open for 0.5ms. The causes sodium ions to rush in, making the inside of the cell more positive. This phase is referred to as a depolarisation since the normal voltage polarity (negative inside) is reversed (becomes positive inside). </span>
<span>Repolarisation. At a certain point, the depolarisation of the membrane causes the sodium channels to close. As a result the potassium channels open for 0.5ms, causing potassium ions to rush out, making the inside more negative again. Since this restores the original polarity, it is called repolarisation. As the polarity becomes restored, there is a slight ‘overshoot’ in the movement of potassium ions (called hyperpolarisation). The resting membrane potential is restored by the Na+K+ATPase pump.</span>
Your answer is B. pressure and cementation.
If you look at a sedimentary rock, you see that there is layers.
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- Moon
Answer:
Effects of nutrient additions/changes in resources to microbial
scale
Explanation:
Addition of nutrient at microbial scale level affects ecosystem processes by multiplying the growth of such microbes, as well as result in producing more resistant species that are capable of creating a sustainability system for other content of the ecosystem.
While on the other hand, change in the resources of the microbial scale could either result to a modification of their adaptability structure in terms of physiological and biochemical composition, or an inhibition of the microbial population in the ecosystem.
Answer:
Vestigial structures
Explanation:
Vestigial structures serve little or no purpose for an organism. An example being the human tailbone which at one point might have been a tail, but serves no real purpose now since we're bipedal organisms
Answer:
C
Explanation:
all living things are made of up many cells
