Fields of study are often called with names of Latin and Greek origin and this is also the case here!
The latin for "map" is "carta" and writing is "graph..." and together they form "cartography" - which is the correct answer.
A person who is making maps is called a cartographer.
Fossilization is a process that requires certain conditions so that it can take place. The climate is very important, a hot and wet place is not a place where there's a chance of finding fossils, while the places with permafrost are a much better candidate because the bacteria can not dissolve the organisms. The pressure also can play a vital role. A place that manages to keep the organisms safe from outside influence, like the tar pits, are excellent preservers. Also the structure of the organisms play a key role, a boneless organism is very hard to preserve and be fossilized, while an organism with bone structure has a bigger chance of being preserved.
The Andes have formed as a result of a subduction zone while the Himalayas have formed as a result of a convergent plate boundary.
