Animals being in captivity is bad for their instincts. In captivity, animals lose their more wild side that's in touch with their original and natural environment. Unless an animal (specifically whales in this case) is injured and cannot be in the wild, they should not be kept in captivity.
What. Do. You. Mean. By. That?
It should be either D or A bug I would go with D
Complex sentence. It has a subordinate clause
Based on the given sentence above, the function of the noun clause is as the DIRECT OBJECT. A direct object is a noun that directly receives the action of the main verb in the sentence. In this sentence, the noun clause directly receives the action of the verb "learned". Hope this answers your question.