During the electron transport, chan energy stored in electrons is used to pump hydrogen protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space. The numbers of protons increase this creates a chemical gradient(because there is a higher concentration of ions) and an electrical gradient(because the intermembrane space becomes more positive than the matrix because of the protons-H⁺). Those protons need to flow towards the matrix for equilibrium to occur. As we know the inside membrane of the mitochondria has a reduced permeability. The main place where protons can diffuse is the ATP-synthase(a protein that turns ADP and inorganic phosphate into ATP). When protons pass through they release the energy necessary for this reaction to occur(ADP+H₃PO₄-->ATP+H₂O)
<span>H. floresiensis tended to be smaller than H. sapiens. In addition, they had much smaller heads and, therefore, smaller brains. Also, the species had a much more sloped forehead, shoulders that were more forward-leaning, and feet that were relatively large for their small body size.</span>
The answer is :Phototrophs
Answer
D) colons should be used after independent clauses that come before lists.
Explanation:
<span>The spicules have an important purpose for loosely constructed animal such as sponge. First of all, spicules give structure which is vital due to loose construction. Secondly, it protects from predators. This is similar to porcupine quills in serving to protect.</span>
