African-Americans faced several different challenges in American society including: a) Institution of slavery b) Lack of legal rights
In order to fight the institution of slavery, African-Americans tried to escape using the Underground Railroad. Along with that, several slaves tried to revolt against their oppressive owners. A perfect example of this would be Nat Turner's Rebellion.
The Civil Rights movement helped African-Americans to fight against their lack of legal rights. They conducted marches, sit-ins, boycotts, and other forms of nonviolent protest in order to end segregation in public places and to gain access to voting rights. They were able to accomplish their goals thanks to important court cases (like Brown vs. Board of Education which ends segregation in public schools) and laws implemented by Congress (like the Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act of 1965).
Native Americans Native Americans faced many challenges in American society including:
A) American government/settlers taking over their lands. B) Forced assimilation into American culture.
The federal government used several different laws( like the Indian Removal Act) to take land from Native Americans. At times, this group would fight back against the government. A good example of this would be the Battle of Little Big Horn, in which the Lakota successfully fended off the American military.
Many Native Americans were forced into Indian Boarding schools. The goal of these schools was to get rid of Native American culture and to have them act more like white citizens. Despite this system, many Native Americans used oral histories and traditions that were passed on from generation to generation in order to keep their culture alive.
I am unsure about John McCain but but I know Obama was the only president born outside of the 48 consecutive states (he was born in Hawaii). I believe John was as well.
