The Pacific Railway Act<span> was signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on July 1,</span>1862<span>. This </span>act<span> provided Federal government support for the building of the first transcontinental </span>railroad<span>, which was completed on May 10, 1869.</span>
I think it's the second one but it was actually called American Cookery, by an American Orphan. That was the first one in America at least.
All of the following were essential to the Soviet defense against the Nazis except "<span>d. Outrage at the German treatment of Jewish minorities in eastern Europe," since the Russians were largely indifferent to this. </span>
It would be the term "bear market" that refers to a period of time when stocks are generally losing value, since "bull market" is used to describe a period when the stock market is doing well.
