Carbonate groups contain a single carbon atom, and three oxygen atoms in a trigonal molecular geometry. The carbon atom has two single bonds to two oxygen atoms and a double bond to the third oxygen atom. Therefore, in addition to carbon, carbonate minerals contain oxygen. An example of a carbonate mineral is calcium carbonate, often found within rocks.
Answer:
cell, tissue,organ, organ system, organism
That's true. There is little variety among organisms found in pools, pounds and lakes. Despite that fact that many ponds are seasonal, lasting just a couple of month (for exemple sessile pools) while lakes can exist for more than hundred years. Lakes and ponds have limited species diversity because they are often limited from each other and from other water sources like rivers, seas and oceans.
Species evolve independently possibly due to geographical isolations or behavioural isolations.
Geographical isolation includes the isolation of 2 groups of the same species. Since these 2 groups live in different locations, (e.g. a volcanic eruption resulting in a barrier between one side of an ocean and another side of the ocean), they will have different selection pressures in their different environments as well (e.g. one side of the ocean may have more sunlight and thus more underwater plantations than the other side of the ocean). Natural selection will eliminate those with disadvantageous characteristics (e.g. Fishes that only eat plants and nothing else on the side of the ocean with little plantations) with unfavourable alleles, and select for those with advantageous characteristics (e.g. Fishes are able to eat plants and other organic substances as well on the side of the ocean with little plantations) with favourable alleles.
Since the 2 groups have different selection pressures, natural selection will occur in different ways, selecting for and against different types of fishes with different types of alleles. Also, because of the barrier, they are not able to mate with each other, and there are no mixing of genes from one side of the ocean and the other side. They are genetically isolated. As genetic drift occurs over time, their gene pools become different from each other. Thus, they evolve independently.
Hope this helps! :)
Answer: Kuru
Explanation:
Kuru are transmitted by prion. This diseases are untreatable and ultimately fatal.
Prions are infectious proteinaceous particle that are neither virus nor do they contain nucleic acid.
They are transmitted by ingestion of the infected nervous system tissues.They are normally found in the healthy brain tissues if this protein is mis-folded into denatured form it can cause disease.
