The answer is B, none of the other ones work
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From, the excerpt provided, I see the words Jewish and gas chambers. These are key words that help us figure out that it is about the Holocaust, because during this horrific event Jewish people were gathered up, put into concentration camps, and sometimes gassed to death.
I have not read Maus but I do know that it is about the Holocaust. Many images talk about Hitler, the despot the pioneered the horrific Holocaust.
Therefore, the main theme addressed in both excerpts in The Holocaust.
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Serfs, likewise might be farmers but might also be craftsmen. The difference between the two was that the peasant owned his own land, while the serf did not. The serf owed labor duties to his lord, whereas a peasant owed nothing or, more usually, owed some sort of rent.
The Phoenicians were the people that were the masters of the Mediterranean for quite some time. They were known as excellent sailors, sheep builders, and they were also the main traders in the Mediterranean. The culture of the Phoenicians were very developed, and they also had something that most of the people didn't had, an alphabet. Because they were constantly on the move and in constant contact with the people living in the Mediterranean region, the Phoenicians introduced them to their alphabet. The civilizations in this region accepted it gladly, just made certain minor adjustments for their own needs. This was very beneficial for the Phoenicians because once the other people were able to write in their alphabet, they were able to communicate much more easily and also over distance, as well as spreading their cultural influence.
The main goal that Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand was striving for was to conquer land in France, make the pope recognize their authority, end feudalism throughout their territory, and make all of Spain Christian.