Social effects-
<span>1. Cultural Diffusion </span>
<span>2. Religious tensions (Christians + Muslims) </span>
<span>3. Wider view of the world for Europeans because remember they lived in a manor and never were exposed to the outside world and education from trade. </span>
<span>4. Pope is still powerful, but fails to heal the divisions between the RCC (Roman Catholic Church) and the EOC (Eastern Orthodox Church) </span>
<span>Political effects- </span>
<span>1. Monarchs gain more power </span>
<span>-they collect taxes - to finance the Crusades </span>
<span>2. Pope + Monarchs start to clash </span>
<span>3. Serfdom becomes undermined (Serfs get more freedom) </span>
<span>Economic Effects- </span>
<span>1. Commercial economy - pay money in rent </span>
<span>- new business practices </span>
<span>- 1. banking...2. loans + usury(charging interest on loans) </span>
<span>- Christians + Muslims were forbidden to interests or usury so Jews had to </span>
This question is incomplete. Here's the complete question.
Which of the following was one way reformers attempted to undermine the influence of political machines?
by organizing voter registration drives in immigrant neighborhoods
by having cities adopt the council-manager form of local government
by prosecuting immigrants accused of bribery and other forms of political corruption
by establishing political councils to monitor and document the activities of the machines
Answer: by having cities adopt the council-manager form of local government
Explanation:
Progressive reformers developed a movement in the early 1900s which produced two new forms of government, and the council-manager form was one of them. This development was intended to weaken the influence of political machines in the government. Partisanism was meant to be replaced by efficiency and professionalism.
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