Answer:
its D
Explanation:
because conduction happens through solids and the others are obviously conventional current
Answer:
A) maximizes light absorption by the chloroplasts for photosynthesis
Explanation:
Chloroplasts are the double membrane-bound organelles present in the leaf cells. Chloroplasts contain light-absorbing pigment chlorophyll that absorbs maximum light of blue and red wavelengths.
Absorption of light by chlorophyll pigments drives the light reactions of photosynthesis which in turn provide ATP and NADPH to fix carbon dioxide gas into glucose by light-independent reactions. The process of photosynthesis produces glucose which in turn serves as an energy source for plants and supports their growth and development.
Therefore, exposure to blue light increases the rate of photosynthesis as chloroplasts in the leaf cells are aligned to absorb maximum blue light to support photosynthesis. And a higher rate of photosynthesis produces more glucose to support the growth of the plants.
Answer:
(a) Microfilaments
(b) Microtubules
(c) Microtubules
(d) Microfilaments
(e) Intermediate filaments
(f) Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules
(g) Microfilaments, microtubules
(h) Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules
(i) Microtubules, microfilaments
(j) Microtubules
Explanation:
Microtubules (MTs) are dimers of the protein tubulin (alpha- and beta-tubulin subunits) and they are major components of the cytoskeleton. MTs play diverse cellular roles including, mechanical support (cytoskeleton), transport, motility, chromosome segregation, etc. Microfilaments (MFs) are protein filaments that also form part of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells. MFs consist of G-actin monomers assembled in linear actin polymers, and their functions include mechanical support, cytokinesis, changes in cell shape, amoeboid movement, endocytosis and exocytosis, etc. MFs associate with the protein myosin to generate muscle contractions. Actin filaments/MTs assembly from monomeric actin/tubulin is caused due to energy expenditure, where ATP/GTP bound to actin/tubulin is hydrolyzed during polymerization. Finally, intermediate filaments (IFs) are a type of cytoskeletal element composed of a heterogeneous group of structural elements, and they are not found in all eukaryotes. The primary function of the IFs is to contribute to the mechanical support for the plasma membrane where these filaments come into contact with other cells and/or with the extracellular matrix. The IFs are not directly involved in cell movement. All 3 types of cytoskeletal elements (microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules) can be visualized by fluorescence microscopy when cells express chimeric MT/IF/MF.–GFP fusion proteins.
