Once in power Adolf Hitler turned Germany into a fascist state. Fascist was originally used to describe the government of Benito Mussolini in Italy. Mussolini's fascist one-party state emphasized patriotism, national unity, hatred of communism, admiration of military values and unquestioning obedience. Hitler was deeply influenced by Mussolini's Italy and his Germany shared many of the same characteristics.
The German economic system remained capitalistic but the state played a more prominent role in managing the economy. Industrialists were sometimes told what to produce and what price they should charge for the goods that they made. The government also had the power to order workers to move to where they were required.
By taking these powers Hitler's government was able to control factors such as inflation and unemployment that had caused considerable distress in previous years. As the government generally allowed companies to maintain their profit margins, industrialists tended to accept the loss of some of their freedoms.
Under fascism, most potential sources of opposition were removed. This included political parties and the trade union movement. However, Adolf Hitlernever felt strong enough to take complete control of the German Army, and before taking important decisions he always had to take into consideration how the armed forces would react.
By the time Hitler gained power he had ceased to be a practising Christian. He did not have the confidence to abolish Christianity in Germany. In 1934 Hitler signed an agreement with Pope Pius XIin which he promised not to interfere in religion if the Catholic Church agreed not to become involved in politics in Germany.
The individual had no freedom to protest in Hitler's Germany. All political organizations were either banned or under the control of the Nazis. Except for the occasional referendum, all elections, local and national, were abolished.
All information that people in Germany received was selected and organized to support fascist beliefs. As Minister of Propaganda, Joseph Goebbelskept a close check on the information provided by newspapers, magazines, books, radio broadcasts, plays and films.
Adolf Hitler, who had been deeply influenced by his own history teacher, was fully aware that schools posed a potential threat to the dominant fascist ideology. Teachers who were critical of Hitler's Germany were sacked and the rest were sent away to be trained to become good fascists. Members of the Nazi youth organizations such as the Hitler Youth, were also asked to report teachers who questioned fascism.
As a further precaution against young people coming into contact with information and the government disapproved of, textbooks were withdrawn and rewritten by Nazis.
Italy:
After WW1, the sense of bitterness among the population created a good enviroment for the rise of extremist parties. Fascism happened to be that party. The Fascist movement started as a gang, formed by the Camicie Nere (Blackshirts): their main activity was go around and torture any supporter of socialism. fascists and socialists engaged in a civil war that raged from 1919 to 1920 called “Red Years”.
The government, that wanted to get rid of socialism, supported the fascist militias, granting them victory. After the war, the monarchy hoped to dispose of the fascists too, but they couldn't: their promise for a greater future appailed the people, and the other political parties were unable to form an united front. In 1922, a giant mob of fascist marched on Rome, and the army that stationed the city was ordered to do not stop them. Mussolini was appointed as President by the king, and that gave him enough power to consolidate the fascist party.
When George Will says independent candidates could “splinter the electorate”, he means that amalgamation of broad concensus with independent parties through coalition and agreement would eradicate the winner-take-all electoral system.
George Will thinks this is important because winner-take-all electoral votes make the winner look like he/she has won by a large majority or represents national decisiveness even when he/she wins only by a close margin of votes.
In other words, the whole electoral votes of a particular state go in the hands of the winning candidate and the defeated candidate along with the rest of the people who supported the defeated candidate lose all thier electoral votes.
eview the document associated with the topic you chose: Topic 1: The Emancipation Proclamation Topic 2: The Gettysburg Address Based on your research, what is the importance and meaning of the document? In 3-4 paragraphs, discuss the significance of the document to the war and how it has affected the United States. Use the following sources for background information: Information on the Emancipation Proclamation Information on the Gettysburg Address Your response should include these ideas: Summarize the background of the document or speech: What events led to it? Why was it needed at that specific time? What was its purpose? Summarize the content of the document or speech: What did it say? Summarize its effects: How did people react to it? How did it affect future events? How did it affect people’s attitudes? Summarize how the document or speech is seen now, many years later: Is it still considered important? Why?
