With the conquests of the Caliphates, the Muslims managed to take control over multiple regions. One of those regions was North Africa, where in Egypt, in the city of Alexandria there were millions of books with scientific and philosophical themes. It was the center of knowledge of the world in that time.
The Muslims unfortunately destroyed most of the books from the antiquity, and only few were preserved. Thus few though got into the hands of Muslim scholars that were interested in science and philosophy. They read them carefully and started to base their researches on them, making significant progress and discovering multiple things. By preserving these few books, and also upgrading on their basis, helped to preserve at least some part of the ancient knowledge, which later was reintroduced in its place of origin, Europe.
Answer:
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Explanation:
In the 17th century Europeans began to establish settlements in the Americas. The division of the land into smaller units under private ownership became known as the plantation system. Starting in Virginia the system spread to the New England colonies. Crops grown on these plantations such as tobacco, rice, sugar cane and cotton were labour intensive. Slaves were in the fields from sunrise to sunset and at harvest time they did an eighteen hour day. Women worked the same hours as the men and pregnant women were expected to continue until their child was born.
European immigrants had gone to America to own their own land and were reluctant to work for others. Convicts were sent over from Britain but there had not been enough to satisfy the tremendous demand for labour. Planters therefore began to purchase slaves. At first these came from the West Indies but by the late 18th century they came directly from Africa and busy slave-markets were established in Philadelphia, Richmond, Charleston and New Orleans.
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Advances in technology, industrialization and labor are the three areas that resulted in European countries establishing colonial empires. The correct options among all the options that are given in the question are the first, third and fourth option. Every European country wanted to establish their own colonies around the world.
It boosted the economy drastically and the wealth skyrocketed. It was made possible to transport goods all across the United States which reduced the prices and made goods readily available fore everyone which opened new markets and also made companies stronger. With stronger companies they paid more taxes so the government also experienced prosperity.
