<span>The first dynasty that was the first group in China to use written records was the Shang Dynasty, also known as the Yin dynasty, which ruled from 1600 BC, until 1046 BC., when it was succeeded by the Zhou dynasty. During their reign, the earliest forms of written records originated, so they were the ones responsible for devising the first writing techniques in China, at least.</span>
1) Factions can only arise in a consensus of freedom, because tyrannical governments do not allow opposition or different way of thinking, that is why a faction arises in the middle of freedom.
2) According to Tomas Jefferson, problems and internal differences were something that had to be accepted, and he preferred it instead of submitting to a foreign government that will inevitably create situations of oppression and tyranny. Jefferson had no problem dealing with factions, because he trusted the citizens who, well informed with their own government, would be able to settle differences and reach an agreement that would benefit all parties involved.
James Madison is the answer you are looking for.
An Islamic person because of the word Muslim
