Expressed/enumerated/delegated powers: powers of the federal government that are specifically described in the constitution.
Implied powers: powers of the government that aren’t specifically stated in the constitution but assumed to exist because they’re necessary.
Inherent powers: powers that the president and congress need in order to do their job. These powers aren’t stated in the constitution.
Reserved powers: powers of the state government.
Mostly due to the ideas of Manifest Destiny. They started going westwards with the desire to span the United States from coast to coast, and then they started going worldwide. The idea behind it is that the United States were destined to help the world become free and democratic like they were so they started helping people worldwide in rebellions against colonialism or in similar affairs.
It spread through the Roman empire
Explanation:
Anti-Federalism was a late-18th century movement that opposed the creation of a stronger U.S. federal government and which later opposed the ratification of the 1787 Constitution. The previous constitution, called the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, gave state governments more authority. Led by Patrick Henry of Virginia, Anti-Federalists worried, among other things, that the position of president, then a novelty, might evolve into a monarchy. Though the Constitution was ratified and supplanted the Articles of Confederation, Anti-Federalist influence helped lead to the passage of the United States Bill of Rights.