Robust knowledge is knowledge that has stood the test of time and survived constant criticism. When a piece of knowledge is examined for its truthfulness, critics make a consensus over whether it's correct or not. The knowledge becomes robust if a consensus is reached on its truthfulness and if it survives criticism from different sides and angles. This is difficult to apply to history because those who make history usually have a different perception of what happened. What was an assassination in the mind of one country, is a move of fighting for freedom in another country. That's why a consensus needs to be made on a global scale regarding historical developments and it is done through the academia where people write papers and critics from all over the world critique them to eventually reach an idea of truthful global history.
Germany declared war on France. To avoid the French fortifications along the French-German border, the troops had to cross Belgium and attack the French Army by the north. Of course, Belgians refused to let them through, so the Germans decided to enter by force and invaded Belgium on Aug. 4, 1914
One of the main accomplishments of the Congress under the Articles of Confederation was passage of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 organizing the settlement of the Northwest Territories.
Section4. In 1865 President Andrew Johnson implemented a plan of Reconstruction that gave the white South a free hand in regulating the transition from slavery to freedom and offered no role to blacks in the politics of the South.
