Most famously, blitzkrieg describes the successful tactics used by Nazi Germany in the early years of World War II, as German forces swept through Poland, Norway, Belgium, Holland and France with astonishing speed and force.
Alexander had previously prepared takeover by defeating the Persian army at Issus and captured the Mediterranean eliminating the threat of a Persian naval invasion. As well as keeping Persian land reinforcements from coming from the West, which was key in focusing on other points.
The Jin and the Xia dynasties.
Because all colonies had to agree.
Success in trade always deals with advertisement. In this case, the spread of Islam help distribute it's teachings and beliefs making more people contribute to trade.