The first answer is A.) Urbanization, and I believe the second is B.) AIDS .
Hope this helps you out!
A major result of the Reformation was the creation of the Protestant movement.<span> Protestants were Christians who disagreed with Roman Catholics and split off to form different churches. This split caused international wars, internal religious repression, and the Catholic Counter-Reformation</span>
Causation I think if I have the right meaning
Villages and towns were built around ubaid farming communities. They are known as Sumerians. They were in control of the area by 3000 B.C. Their culture was comprised of a group of city-states.
The Cold war was a series of Proxy Wars, The Cold war began shortly after the end of World War 2, since Germany was overthrown the only superpowers left were U.S and Soviet Union (Present day Russia) They differences were that Soviet Union was a communist country and the U.S was a Captialist country, they both came very very close to Nuclear War since they both were making Nuclear Bombs, they also had Proxy Wars (Wars that were fought between 2 countries but not on their soil) Korean War, Vietnam, Grenada etc, the Soviet Union fell in 1991.