Answer:
The broader historical situation in Africa at the time that Jean Barbot wrote his book was that dutch was making profit by exporting slaves in Spaniards and goods such as wax, pepper , red wood, and cloths, etc at that time. According to the text,"roughly eight thousand slaves, most of whom were sent to the Dutch island of Curacao in the Caribbean, from where the Spaniards purchase the slaves. The Dutch also export from West Africa vast quantities of wax, pepper, red wood, cloths, and other goods.”ONE way in which the passage illustrates the continuing development of the Atlantic in the seventeenth century is that the dutch took the control over the Africa and and used prisoners and black Africans as slaves. They first became friends with the African people and then they took control over them. ONE way in which Barbot’s background might have influenced his comments about the Dutch and the Portuguese in the second paragraph. That paragraph talks about how the dutches were really curious about everything and gave africa a name by reconstructions those buildings nicely and then by using advanced technology such as gunpowder. According to the text," thirty good pieces of brass cannon, large amounts of gunpowder, and a great deal of other ammunition. It was not nearly as strong nor as beautiful when the Portuguese controlled it". It also talks about how Portuguese was nothing compared to the dutch at that time because they nearly controlled everything.
Explanation:
Answer:
It reduces strength.
Explanation:
It not desirable to produce concrete mixtures of a higher consistency than normal because the strength of the concrete decreases. Consistency plays an important role in the determination of strength of concrete. Less water than normal quantity in concrete increases the consistency but decreases strength due to incomplete chemical reaction while on the other hand, adding more water would increase water-cement ratio and reduces consistency as well as strength of the concrete so that's why necessary amount of water and cement should be added to get higher strength.
The correct answer is tab.
Protective systems are methods of protecting workers from cave-ins of material that can fall or roll into an excavation, or from the collapse of nearby structures. As mentioned in earlier chapters, if an excavation is less than 5 feet deep, OSHA does not require a protective systems unless the competent person sees signs of a potential cave-in. (It is important to remember that a wall collapse in a trench four and 1/2 feet deep can still have serious results!) For trenches between 5 feet and 20 feet deep, shoring and sheeting, shielding, sloping and benching are all acceptable protective measures. It is up to the planners of the construction project and the competent person on site to determine which systems will work best. If an excavation is greater than 20 feet deep, a registered professional engineer must design the protective system.
Shoring systems are structures of timber, mechanical, or hydraulic systems that support the sides of an excavation and which are designed to prevent cave-ins.Sheeting is a type of shoring system that keeps the earth in position. It can be driven into the ground or work in conjunction with a shoring system. Driven sheeting is most frequently used for excavations open for long periods of time. Another type of sheeting, in which plates or shoring grade plywood (sometimes called Finland form) is used in conjunction with strutted systems such as hydraulic or timber shoring. These strutted systems are also referred to as active systems. The most frequently used strutted system involves aluminum hydraulic shoreswhich are lightweight, re-usable and installed and removed completely from above
