After the Spanish-American war, America was given Cuba, <span>Puerto Rico, the Philippine Islands, and Guam as parts of the treaty. Cuba however did not become a part of the US territories as it became an independent country.</span>
Answer:
Judicial review is the power of the courts to declare that acts of the other branches of government are unconstitutional, and thus unenforceable. For example if Congress were to pass a law banning newspapers from printing information about certain political matters, courts would have the authority to rule that this law violates the First Amendment, and is therefore unconstitutional. State courts also have the power to strike down their own state’s laws based on the state or federal constitutions.
Today, we take judicial review for granted. In fact, it is one of the main characteristics of government in the United States. On an almost daily basis, court decisions come down from around the country striking down state and federal rules as being unconstitutional. Some of the topics of these laws in recent times include same sex marriage bans, voter identification laws, gun restrictions, government surveillance programs and restrictions on abortion.
Other countries have also gotten in on the concept of judicial review. A Romanian court recently ruled that a law granting immunity to lawmakers and banning certain types of speech against public officials was unconstitutional. Greek courts have ruled that certain wage cuts for public employees are unconstitutional. The legal system of the European Union specifically gives the Court of Justice of the European Union the power of judicial review. The power of judicial review is also afforded to the courts of Canada, Japan, India and other countries. Clearly, the world trend is in favor of giving courts the power to review the acts of the other branches of government.
However, it was not always so. In fact, the idea that the courts have the power to strike down laws duly passed by the legislature is not much older than is the United States. In the civil law system, judges are seen as those who apply the law, with no power to create (or destroy) legal principles. In the (British) common law system, on which American law is based, judges are seen as sources of law, capable of creating new legal principles, and also capable of rejecting legal principles that are no longer valid. However, as Britain has no Constitution, the principle that a court could strike down a law as being unconstitutional was not relevant in Britain. Moreover, even to this day, Britain has an attachment to the idea of legislative supremacy. Therefore, judges in the United Kingdom do not have the power to strike down legislation.
Explanation:
nationalparalegal.edu /JudicialReview.aspx
In West African communities, the only way a person could become a slave was if they owed money to another person. On the other hand, in the Atlantic slave trade, slavery was employed as a kind of punishment for those who had committed crimes. Option B
This is further explained below.
<h3>How were the reasons for a person's enslavement different in West African cultures than in the Atlantic slave trade?</h3>
The culture of West Africa is, in general, the result of an amalgamation of the different civilizations and tribes that have coexisted in the region over the course of time to form a subculture that is highly diversified and fascinating.
In West African cultures, the only way that an individual could become a slave was if they gave money to another person. This was the only way that an individual could become a slave.
On the other hand, during the time of the Atlantic slave trade, those who had committed crimes were often sentenced to a life of servitude as a kind of punishment. Alternative C
Read more about West African cultures
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