Answer:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating and an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by immune-mediated myelin and axonal damage, and chronic axonal loss attributable to the absence of myelin sheaths. T cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17, CD8+, NKT, CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells) and B cells are involved in this disorder, thus new MS therapies seek damage prevention by resetting multiple components of the immune system. The currently approved therapies are immunoregulatory and reduce the number and rate of lesion formation but are only partially effective. This review summarizes current understanding of the processes at issue: myelination, demyelination and remyelination—with emphasis upon myelin composition/architecture and oligodendrocyte maturation and differentiation. The translational options target oligodendrocyte protection and myelin repair in animal models and assess their relevance in human. Remyelination may be enhanced by signals that promote myelin formation and repair. The crucial question of why remyelination fails is approached is several ways by examining the role in remyelination of available MS medications and avenues being actively pursued to promote remyelination including: (i) cytokine-based immune-intervention (targeting calpain inhibition), (ii) antigen-based immunomodulation (targeting glycolipid-reactive iNKT cells and sphingoid mediated inflammation) and (iii) recombinant monoclonal antibodies-induced remyelination.Keywords: calpain, central nervous system, demyelination, fingolimod, glycolipids, lipids, multiple sclerosis, myelin, myelination, NKT cells, oligodendrocytes, remyelination, T cells
Explanation:
The given question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows:
A client that is 80 years old comes into the agent's office and tells the agent that he must undergo a gall bladder operation. The client is worried about the amount of time that will be spent in the hospital to recover, and at his advanced age, is also worried about the chances of complications and possible death. The client has physical stock certificates in his home safe and asks the agent for assistance. The agent should:
Answer:
The main function of the gall bladder is the storage of the bile juice that helps in the fat emulsification. The gall bladder can be removed surgically in case of stones or any improper functioning of the gall bladder.
According to the question, the agent must leave the old aged customer to his home. The agent should retrieve the securities to the client. The security must be deposited in the locker box in the local bank of the area. The locker box should have the client's name and address so that client can use it later.
Answer:
A warmup gradually revs up your cardiovascular system by raising your body temperature and increasing blood flow to your muscles. Warming up may also help reduce muscle soreness and lessen your risk of injury. Cooling down after your workout allows for a gradual recovery of preexercise heart rate and blood pressure.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Homeostasis refers to the internal body system that helps to regulate our internal body environment, such as our temperature, blood pressure, etc.
By means of<em> internal sensors</em> which monitor when there is a change in our normal body condition, these reaction times occur for example:
- when we are triggered by our body to go and dehydrate (urinate) in the restroom,
- or maybe when we begin to sweat heavily after performing physical activity, those tiny droplets of sweat helps cool our body down.
All these automatic responses help us maintain homeostasis in our body.
