I think the word you're looking for is "hypothesis".
For example, a hypothesis could be "dogs drink more often when owners are present".
And then this can be proven (or dis-proven) by an observation (or in this case rather: measurement).
The answer to number 2 is ' as the price of a good rises...products' and the answer to number 3 is Calculator and Cell Phone.
the answer is <span>maintenance model
</span><span>maintenance model refers to the model that focused on influencing the patient's perception and self-evaluation.
</span><span> methadone Prevents the Euphoric rush that addicts often felt toward certain drugs, which make them perceive that they don't need the drug as much as they previously believed.</span>