During the 1880s, following completion of the 105-mile Suez Canal, French entrepreneur Ferdinand DeLesseps poured billions of francs and 25,000 lives into an unsuccessful attempt to build a sea-level canal through Panama. The French effort was thwarted by disease, unreliable machinery, and almost a billion cubic yards of rock that stood in the way.
In 1879, Ferdinand Marie de Lesseps, the builder of the Suez Canal proposed a sea level canal through Panama. With the success he had with the construction of the Suez Canal in Egypt just ten years earlier, de Lesseps was confident he would complete the water circle around the world. Time and mileage would be dramatically reduced when traveling from the Atlantic to the Pacific ocean or vice versa. For example, it would save a total of 18,000 miles on a trip from New York to San Francisco.
Although de Lesseps was not an engineer, he was appointed chairman for the construction of the Panama Canal. Upon taking charge, he organized an International Congress to discuss several schemes for constructing a ship canal. De Lesseps opted for a sea-level canal based on the construction of the Suez Canal. He believed that if a sea-level canal worked when constructing the Suez Canal, it must work for the Panama Canal.
The Afghanistan War took a heavy financial toll on the Soviet Union during the 1980s. Similar to the American invasion of Afghanistan in the early 2000s, the Soviets realized it to be very difficult to defeat an enemy when an invading force attempts to restructure another nation's government or eradicated a non-political force (such as the Mujaheddin or al-Qaeda). <span />
A need for labor was caused by the quick growth of tobacco farming in Jamestown
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During the summer of 1998, the Russian economy was primed for the onset of a currency crisis.In an attempt to avert the crisis, the CBR intervenedby decreasing the growth of the money supply andtwice increasing the lending rate to banks, raisingit from 30 to 150 percent. Both rate hikes occurredin May 1998, the same month in which the Russianstock market lost 39 percent of its value.
Crusader military victory, resulting in a three-year truce. Recognition of the territorial status quo at the end of active campaigning, including continued Muslim control of Jerusalem and the restoration of the Levantine Crusader States.
