The First Crusade was highly successful, while the Second was not is correct .
There was an anti-war movement in the US, pro communism in the US was never a thing back then so I’m assuming the other one is true too lol.
During the colonial times, only the rich and upper-class male citizens were able to learn in most if not all cases. We also now have universities and colleges that allow more people to attended, and do not restrict the based on wealth, ethnicity, or gender.