Republican Governor Hiram Johnson was the California governor who was instrumental in changing the executive bureaucracy from a spoils system to a merit system.
A spoils system refers to a system of patronage in which the victorious candidate or party in an election gives public offices to their supporters as reward and incentive.
It was a common phenomenon in the United States, until a civil service reform movement led to passage of the Pendleton Act of 1883, which instituted merit-based appointments to offices at the federal level.
Hiram Johnson was a former Governor of California between 1917 to 1945. He was credited with many progressive reforms, among which was ensuring the executive bureaucracy operated on the basis of merit and not political patronage.
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Answer:
Yes because a person with a lower income may tend to spend a greater share of his income on gasoline
Explanation:
For example, if a low income individual earning $1000 and a high-income person who earns $2000 each purchase 12 gallons of gasoline, the taxes on this purchase will consume a larger portion of the low-income person’s earnings than that of the high-income person. Assuming a tax rate of 5% of earnings multiplied by 12 Gallons.
Low income individual earnings after tax deductions= $400
High income individual earnings after tax deductions= $800
The principle of professionalism<span> is a standard of personal conduct by a </span>professional<span>in his business dealings. While guidelines for acceptable and expected behavior vary from industry to industry, personal </span>principles<span> typically focus on </span>ethics<span>, code of conduct, appropriate personal interactions and workplace integrity.</span>
it should be noted that financial instruments are created to transfer risks that are difficult to predict.
<h3>What are financial instruments?</h3>
financial instruments can be regarded as contract that exist between individuals/parties which is accessing monetary value.
With these financial instrument , transfer risks in the financial domains can be predicted.
Examples of financial instrument are:
- cheques
- shares
- stocks, bonds
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Answer:
Final balance = $ 14,272.93
Explanation:
Annual Deposits(PMT) = $1,000
Number of years(N) = 12
Rate of interest (r) = 3.1% = 0.031
Future Value = ?
Computation:
![Future\ Value = PMT[\frac{(1+i)^n-1}{i} ] \\Future\ Value = 1,000[\frac{(1+0.031)^{12}-1}{0.031} ] \\Future\ Value = 1,000[\frac{(1.031)^{12}-1}{0.031} ] \\Future\ Value = 1,000[\frac{1.44246-1}{0.031} ] \\Future\ Value = 1,000[\frac{0.44246}{0.031} ] \\Future\ Value = 1,000[14.2729] \\Future\ Value = 14,272.9252](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Future%5C%20Value%20%3D%20PMT%5B%5Cfrac%7B%281%2Bi%29%5En-1%7D%7Bi%7D%20%5D%20%5C%5CFuture%5C%20Value%20%3D%201%2C000%5B%5Cfrac%7B%281%2B0.031%29%5E%7B12%7D-1%7D%7B0.031%7D%20%5D%20%5C%5CFuture%5C%20Value%20%3D%201%2C000%5B%5Cfrac%7B%281.031%29%5E%7B12%7D-1%7D%7B0.031%7D%20%5D%20%5C%5CFuture%5C%20Value%20%3D%201%2C000%5B%5Cfrac%7B1.44246-1%7D%7B0.031%7D%20%5D%20%5C%5CFuture%5C%20Value%20%3D%201%2C000%5B%5Cfrac%7B0.44246%7D%7B0.031%7D%20%5D%20%5C%5CFuture%5C%20Value%20%3D%201%2C000%5B14.2729%5D%20%5C%5CFuture%5C%20Value%20%3D%2014%2C272.9252)
Final balance = $ 14,272.93
