They attacked Christian pilgrims from Europe and closed pilgrimage routes to Jerusalem, hope this helped :)
The European balance of power broke down was an effect following German unification is correct answer due to fact that Germany (except Austria) was united by militarist state of Prussia with powerful army which definitely change balance on the European scene especially that formal unification took place just after end of Franco-Prussian war which humiliated France.
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B The Number and Population of cities increased rapidly.
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Explanation:
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