Question

Many philosophers wrote down their philosophies about the government and . A number of philosophers published books on the subject. They applied the idea of to social and political analysis. Thomas Hobbes wrote Leviathan, a book about social structure and government. He wrote about the , an agreement in which the people exchanged some of their individual freedoms for the government’s protection.

Answer 1

Here's the answers in order:

1. people's rights
2. natural law
3. social contract

So the full paragraph would read:  Many philosophers wrote down their philosophies about the government and people's rights.  A number of philosophers published books on the subject. They applied the idea of natural law to social and political analysis. Thomas Hobbes wrote Leviathan, a book about social structure and government. He wrote about the social contract, an agreement in which the people exchanged some of their individual freedoms for the government’s protection.

Answer 2

The period referred to here is called the enlightenment age
It saw the rise of scholars with enlightenment thoughts such as Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau, and Voltaire, who criticized the establishment concept of government which was autocratic,and absolute. The monarchs claimed a divine essence. The enlightenment scholars placed liberties and freedoms in the core of their thoughts and led to the rise of the concept of government by consent which lay the foundation for modern day democracy.