Omg going to say A I could be wrong
Answer:
Adaptive defenses include both humoral and cellular immunity.
Explanation:
The innate immune response is the non-specific immune response and serves to provide an immediate and general immune response. The adaptive immune responses are the specific immune responses. Adaptive immune responses include cell-mediated immunity and antibody-mediated immunity.
Cell-mediated immunity includes T cells (cytotoxic and helper T cells) while antibody-mediated immunity includes the production of antibodies from B cells. Binding of antigen to B cells is followed by their transformation into plasma cells and produce antibodies. Some of the activated B cells form memory B cells that are responsible for quicker and strong secondary immune responses.
Answer:
In evolutionary theory, adaptation is the biological mechanism by which organisms adjust to new environments or to changes in their current environment. The idea of natural selection is that traits that can be passed down allow organisms to adapt to the environment better than other organisms of the same species
Answer:
The female (XcX) is carrier for color blindness while the male (XY) is normal. The carrier female transmits its one X chromosome with gene for color blindness to one of her sons making him color blind.
Explanation:
Color blindness is X linked recessive disorder and followed the criss-cross inheritance wherein the color blind sons get the gene from their carrier/affected mother while the color blind father would transmit the gene to his daughters along with X chromosome.
Since both the parents are normal, the mother (XcX) should be carrier for the disease to get the color blind son. A cross between carrier mother (XcX) and normal father (XY) would make 50% of their sons color blind.
