West Africa was one of the world's greatest producers of gold in the Middle Ages. Trade in the metal went back to antiquity but when the camel caravans of the Sahara linked North Africa to the savannah interior, the trade really took off. A succession of great African empires rose off the back of the gold trade as salt, ivory, and slaves were just some of the commodities exchanged for the precious metal that eventually found its way into most of southern Europe's gold coinage. Gold attracted unwanted attention and competition, too, with the Portuguese the first to exploit West Africa's coastal resources from the 15th century CE, and in their wake followed others. The discovery of the Americas and the gold of the Aztecs and Incas only gave West Africa a temporary respite as European colonial powers then returned to the continent as their chief source of slaves to work on the plantations of the New World. The trade of gold in West Africa goes back to antiquity with one of the earliest examples being the voyage of the Carthaginian explorer Hanno in the 5th century BCE. The celebrated mariner sailed out of the Mediterranean and, turning south, stopped off at the mouth of the Senegal River before sailing on and perhaps even reaching as far the Bay of Guinea. Hanno was followed by other countrymen, and commercial relations were established with the locals. Thus, West African gold found its way from the trading post/island of Cerne (unidentified but on the Atlantic coast) northwards to the ancient Mediterranean cultures for the first time.
The 5th-century BCE Greek historian Herodotus describes in his Histories that gold was traded on the West African coast using a silent and cautious method of barter - perhaps understandable given the language barrier and mutual fear between unfamiliar peoples. Hope this helps! Mark brainly please!
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The answer is given below.
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Religion played a crucial role in the Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty in China to bring stability in society. Before Christianity, the Roman Empire practice worshipping several goods as they favoured. By the arrival of Christianity, they now relied on a single religion with no conflict to who they should worship. It brought political stability and helped them spread their empire and introduce Christianity in far places like Spain, Britain, etc.
Buddhism reach China through the Silk Road and by Chinese travellers who reach India to get knowledge. Confucianism and Buddhism ideology gave stability in the society by introducing basic rules which allowed political stability with no conflict over rituals and customs.
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They offer attractive prices to attract customers and spread the product or service
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Hope this helps
The Bedouin fall into two basic social classes. One class is known as the "true" Bedouin, and they live as nomadic shepherds. The other group has embraced farming and is known as the fellahin. The fellahin lead a more settled life on the edge of the desert.
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The 13th Amendment banned slavery and all involuntary servitude, except in the case of punishment for a crime. ... The 15th Amendment prohibited governments from denying U.S. citizens the right to vote based on race, color, or past servitude.
