Answer:
a. Smaller class size is related to better academic performance.
Explanation:
A hypothesis is a testable prediction, a scientific guess of what you expect to happen from a study. There are directional and non directional hypothesis, the directional hypothesis states exactly what you expect such as " smaller class size is related to better academic performance while a non directional hypothesis predicts that there will be an effect but does not specify the direction, example is "smaller class size is related to academic performance".
The option chosen is an example of a directional hypothesis, option b, c, and d are more statements of facts and not hypothesis.
Sharecropping was a labor system in which one person and their family grew crops for a large landowner. The landowner would allow them to purchase tools, fertilizer, seed, etc... on credit and when the crop was harvested, the sharecropper would receive a "share" of the crop. Often it was not enough to pay off their credit and the cycle began again. Often known as another form of slavery, but 2/3 of sharecroppers were white.
