The correct answer is the second one “an absence of love or passion.” In the poem, the general intention of the author is to describe his feelings about the love/passion that it is leaving his life. The sentence “dead leaves and snow”, is the way in which he introduces the absence feeling that he is going through. The birds, as well as the leaves of the tree, are metaphors of love, which are abandoning the tree (his life).
C) in both poetry and prose
It is a matter of individual will power and the ability to fight against the odds.
Explanation:
While the way one person responds to adversary conditions has a lot to do with their situation of privilege against the adversary, it also has to do with the way they are conditioned as people.
Some people react better to such conflicts because they are either used to facing such high pressure situations or have mental fortitude for it.
It is also to be considered however that different things affect people differently and there is no way of knowing how one would react to such situation when it comes to it.