Question

3.

Answer 1

Question 1

The correct answer is: "III and IV".

The Industrial Revolution changed the production model, that started to be characterized by transformation processes conducted in large factories that required high fixed investments and hiring a permanent labor force.

At the time, there was a surplus of workers in the countryside, who were transfered from primary activities to the industrial sectors. Factories were mainly located in urban areas, so there were important migration flows from rural areas where work used to be concentrated previously to urban areas where a high amount of industrial job positions was offered.  

Question 2

The correct answer is: "I only"

Wallerstein introduced the world-systems theory, that states that division of labor should be introduced in a global scale, with countries that specialize in obtaining raw materials (peripheric countries), others in transforming them and manufacturing products (semi-peripheric countries), other countries in developing technlogies (core countries), etc.

The core or dominant regions could not maintain their status without the production activities conducted by the other groups of nations, as the duties are divided and each region is specialized in a certain activity, but all the activities are interrelated.